Cognizance

n.
  1. Apprehension by the understanding; perception; observation.
  2. Recollection; recognition.
  3. The distinguishing mark worn by an armed knight, usually upon the helmet, and by his retainers and followers: Hence, in general, a badge worn by a retainer or dependent, to indicate the person or party to which he belonged; a token by which a thing may be known.
    1. Jurisdiction, or the power given by law to hear and decide controversies.
    2. The hearing a matter judicially.
    3. An acknowledgment of a fine of lands and tenements or confession of a thing done.
    4. A form of defense in the action of replevin, by which the defendant insists that the goods were lawfully taken, as a distress, by defendant, acting as servant for another.