Philosophy

n. pl. Philosophies (fĭ*lŏs"ô*fĭz).
  1. Literally, the love of, inducing the search after, wisdom; in actual usage, the knowledge of phenomena as explained by, and resolved into, causes and reasons, powers and laws.
  2. A particular philosophical system or theory; the hypothesis by which particular phenomena are explained.
  3. Practical wisdom; calmness of temper and judgment; equanimity; fortitude; stoicism; as, to meet misfortune with philosophy.
  4. Reasoning; argumentation.
  5. The course of sciences read in the schools.
  6. A treatise on philosophy.
    7. Philosophy of the Academy ,
    that of Plato, who taught his disciples in a grove in Athens called the Academy.
    Philosophy of the Garden ,
    that of Epicurus, who taught in a garden in Athens.
    Philosophy of the Lyceum ,
    that of Aristotle, the founder of the Peripatetic school, who delivered his lectures in the Lyceum at Athens.
    Philosophy of the Porch ,
    that of Zeno and the Stoics; -- so called because Zeno of Citium and his successors taught in the porch of the Poicile, a great hall in Athens.